Bcom 275 Demonstrative Communication Paper Free Essays

Definite Communication Paper BY: Erin Kelly BCOM 275 There are a few things that can be said about nonverbal and unwritten correspondence. At the point when you are conversing with somebody or somebody is conversing with you. You can enlighten a great deal regarding how well the individual is tuning in and comprehends what you are stating. We will compose a custom paper test on Bcom 275 Demonstrative Communication Paper or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now You can likewise tell by their non-verbal communication and outward appearances in the event that they are keen on what you are stating. On the off chance that you are conversing with somebody and they are not looking that shows a couple of things possibly they don’t comprehend what you are discussing or they are not intrigued by what you are stating. In the event that they are seeing you yet have a perplexed look all over that shows they are tuning in yet in addition shows they are befuddled about what you are discussing or what you are stating is totally off-base or off the point you began discussing. Non-verbal communication additionally informs a great deal concerning the audience and the speaker. In the event that you are conversing with somebody and they are playing with their hands, collapsing their arms or doing whatever else yet giving full consideration to the speaker. That demonstrates they are simply hanging tight for you to be finished talking so they can return and do what they would prefer to do. In the event that the speaker is checking out the room or possibly playing with the note cards or whatever the case might be. That shows that perhaps they aren’t truly OK with what they are discussing or they are not generally excellent at open talking. Different things that are unwritten and nonverbal are they we live. On the off chance that you have a perfect and composed house or loft that says a ton regarding you to others. In the event that your house is welcoming and bright and sprightly that shows that you are prepared for guests whenever and they are welcome they are free to come in. On the off chance that your home or loft is dim and muddled that shows you would prefer to be distant from everyone else and have nobody come over. Do you have a fence or a line of trees isolating you from your neighbors that likewise says a ton regarding you? It says you are a not a social individual and would prefer to be disregarded at that point converse with individuals. In certain societies contacting and embracing is a major piece of their lives. How you contact somebody says a great deal regarding you. The manner in which you contact somebody says a great deal in the event that you contact them adoring and ameliorating it shows you are caring. In the event that you contact them too hard and hurt them, individuals will be hesitant to contact you when they see you. In the United States we generally warmly greet individuals when see them or meet somebody a renewed individual. That says you are benevolent yet not generally positively. We warmly greet many individuals and now and then we don’t truly need to see that individual any more. The manner in which we handle representatives at work is another model. On the off chance that you need to censure and a representative the manner in which you go about it says a great deal regarding you. In the event that you are boisterous and shout at the worker it says you don’t regard the individual as a representative or an individual when all is said in done. You are telling that worker that they are essentially futile and you don’t need them around. On the off chance that you censure the representative however do it in a positive manner that says you regard the worker and you are simply attempting to assist them with gaining from their mix-ups. That gives them that they are a piece of the group and you are eager to work them until they comprehend what you expect of them. We show nonverbal and unwritten correspondence in our lives every single day. How we decide to do it is up to us. No one but we can give an impact on individuals it’s up to us in the event that we need to leave a decent impression or an awful impression. We speak with each one we see however out the day and it’s not in every case great correspondence. So we have to recall that each opportunity we interact with somebody. How would we need that individual to recall us? The most effective method to refer to Bcom 275 Demonstrative Communication Paper, Papers

The origin of hurricanes and predictability of hurricane tracks Free Essays

Low weight frameworks structure at mid scope calm zones because of the intermingling of warm and cold air masses. Low weight frameworks for the most part structure over the polar front where the polar sea air (a virus air mass) and tropical sea air (a warm air mass) meet. Air flows here inside the Northern Hemisphere will stream counter-clockwise because of the revolution of the earth and surface contact. We will compose a custom exposition test on The inception of tropical storms and consistency of typhoon tracks or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Wind currents collect at the focal point of the framework, and the warm air rises since it is less thick, prompting low weight at the surface. It contains more dampness than the polar sea air and thus, when it climbs, it consolidates and delivers mists and downpour. Cirrus type mists are the main mists that are normally made now. A dissemination of air turns in an anticlockwise movement due to the coriolis impact. The tropical oceanic air twirls around the polar front, the framework develops and in the long run a warm and cold front is made. At the warm front, the warm air ascends over the virus air, the cirrus mists create to be cirrostratus, altostratus and nimbostratus mists which in the end will prompt overwhelming precipitation in light of the buildup of the warm air. Towards the edge of the warm front, conditions are progressively steady and weight quits diminishing so a lot. Never again is there so much buildup and along these lines there is less downpour. Polar sea air is quick, thick, and solid. In the long run the air pushes in and powers the warm air off the ground, making shakiness. The weight increments, as the air climbs quickly, cumulonimbus mists structure getting substantial downpour and storms[1]. The virus front comprises of heavier and denser air and uproots the hotter and lighter air, along these lines, it moves quicker than the warm front and it will eventually find it. Warm air is constrained off the ground by the virus air, and once this occurs, an impediment is made. Uniform air starts to fill the hole between the warm front and the virus front and this is the place the low weight framework starts to fade away. At tropical scopes, on the off chance that ocean surface temperatures are over 27 degrees c[2], at that point the low weight framework will develop. In the event that the conditions are correct, tropical tempests may create to turn into a typhoon. Low weight frameworks regularly start to turn around a focal region of low weight. This is known as a tropical sorrow, if the downturn increments in power with the goal that breezes reach in any event 39 mph, it’s sorted as a hurricane. On the off chance that breeze speeds reach and normal of 74 mph[3], it known as tropical tornado or storm. Storms/tropical tornados for the most part create in the locale somewhere in the range of 10 and 20 degrees North of the equator (Goldenberg, 2001). At the point when a tempest develops to turn into a storm/tropical typhoon, it is depicted as a non-frontal low weight system[4] and can reach up to 340 miles across in diameter[5]. Storms retain vitality from the warm water of the sea, and a tempest will keep on becoming insofar as there is a fuel source I. e a gracefully of damp air and warmth. This source is regularly found over the water in tropical waters. At the point when the warmth gracefully is cut off I. at the point when the storm starts to relocate northwards (or southwards), over colder water, it will debilitate and diminish. Warmth from the seas is the essential wellspring of vitality for storms, [6]and in this way, the more noteworthy the warmth of the SST [7]the progressively extraordinary and visit typhoons here will be (Goldenberg, et al, 2001). Tropical storms don’t as a rule create far inland because of the absence of dampness. [8] If there is no dampness, at that point mists are not liable to shape. Cloud arrangement brings about the age of idle warmth. Inactive warmth is the warmth expected to start a difference in stage I. to a condition of higher vitality, e. g. from strong to fluid, or fluid to gas, in this specific situation however, it’s from fluid to a gas. As mists are not produced so a lot, at that point very little idle warmth is discharged. most of tropical storms start and remain inside the seas, however they do sporadically travel inland, and the impacts they can have on nature, society and on the economy of the influenced zone are conceivably pulverizing. The coriolis impact, which is a result of the earth’s turn is the explanation that tempests pivot and why a storm has a run of the mill twirling development. The pivot of the tempest makes air be brought into the extraordinary low weight at the inside (eye) of the tempest. As the air pivots, the air rises. The rising air is wet, the higher the elevation, the colder the temperature, thus, it gathers shaping mists. Tropical storms aren’t found inside 0-5 degrees north and south of the equator ((300 miles (500 kilometers)) of the equator in light of the fact that the coriolis impact is at its most fragile now, so the tempest doesn’t have enough turn, and there isn’t enough power to keep up low weight in the focal point of the framework. Meteorologists can anticipate typhoons in two primary manners : using regular probabilities and following of storms that are in presence at a present purpose of time utilizing displaying techniques[9]. Yearly, researchers turn out to be what number of tempests are probably going to form into typhoons/hurricanes and they likewise figure what number of are probably going to make landfall. Utilizing factual methods, for example, CLIPER[10], past information, and by sending planes into the focal point of tempests they can decide wind velocities, temperatures and can anticipate the power of a tropical storm, and what number of individuals it is probably going to influence. Numerous researchers attempt to decide the ways of typhoons, and it’s a troublesome obligation in light of the fact that not all storms have characterized ways, nonetheless; the commonplace attributes and properties of the climate and sea in a particular region permit researchers to have a harsh plan to which way a tropical storm is probably going to follow. In the event that the way is anticipated, at that point notice and assurance can be accommodated those that might be influenced and this is the most ideal approach to forestall a social, monetary and ecological debacle from occurring. Storms structure in different territories relying upon the different occasions of the tropical storm season (Reading, 1990). Tracks can be anticipated proficiently in any case, precision is by all accounts an issue much of the time. Models have gotten progressively precise (NOAA,2004) and expectation strategies have improved (Aberson,2001), anyway there is as yet a huge vulnerability and mistake is as yet an issue. It is simpler to anticipate precisely where a typhoon is going to make landfall the closer to landfall the tempest is. So the further the storm is away from land, the more blunder there is when attempting to work out its way (NOAA,2004). This is for the most part because of regular changes in the tempests physical attributes. It has been dictated by NOAA, that, 5 days before landfall there is a normal of 350 miles of blunder, and one day before landfall there is a 100 mile mistake, [11]which is a significant issue in light of the fact that a distinction of that mileage could decide if entire urban communities or towns should be emptied or not, and if there is a blunder, it could be destroying. Step by step instructions to refer to The cause of tropical storms and consistency of typhoon tracks, Papers

You Prep, I Prep, We All Prep

You Prep, I Prep, We All Prep It’s that time of year again. I remember it well. I intended to write this post before AP exams hit, but I just checked the CollegeBoard schedule and realized that unfortunately you’re all almost done with AP exams. However, the following are mostly general study tips that could be applied to pretty much anything, so if you’re still doing some last-minute cramming for that week of IB exams, SAT Subject tests, the June SAT (is that still a thing?) or your school is like my high school and has finals the last week of May, then I hope this will be helpful! I myself am pretty stressed out too, but I have always used blagging as a study break anyway (this job is so convenient!). I decided to create this post as a practical guide to preparing (or at least a guide to how I prepare) in the hope that it might help some of you. Writing down my own strategies is nice, because it reminds me that I have strategies, and makes me feel less like I’ve been thrown into a pit of tigers to fend for myself with a toothpick. When I feel really overwhelmed, creating some kind of plan, whether I actually follow it or not, at least allows me to calm down and start doing something. Standardized Exams I recently received this tumblr question about the SAT, which partly inspired this post. Let me tell you, I am your go to gal for SAT tests, they are my forte in the world of arbitrary national assessments. The first SAT test I took was in 7th gradeI don’t really remember why, but I took it. In high school, I took four practice exams (four horrible Saturdays during which I gave up four hours of my life I’ll never get back) as part of a one month prep course through my school, and my mother and I spent even more hours on even more Saturdays in Panera Bread, going over all the mistakes I made. I took two actual SAT exams, and I took four SAT Subject TestsBio, Chem, Math I and Math II. I prepared for the last three of those in just two hellish weeks of cramming because we all forgot MIT required both a math and science. It was my last chance before early applications to get my best possible score on each, so I took as many as I could at once. So, yeah, I know my stuff, y’allat least until 2016, when the entire format changes and you will all have no use for me.* I always used Princeton Review for SAT prep, and also for AP Exam prep. Barron’s Test Prep is the most thorough for really any testâ€"but if you’re in a time crunch, it’s difficult to glean out the important stuff. If you have time, go with Barron’s and use it for at least a month prior to the test if you really want to prepare well for a standardized test on your ownthis worked well for many people. If you want to prepare for subject tests and APs, I still think Princeton Review is really, really nice, particularly if you’ve already taken the class (which, I hope you have. If not, you could try Barron’s, but I really think it’s best to take all your subject tests/APs in the classes you’ve taken, if at all possible). The two weeks I spent cramming for subject tests were with Princeton review books. I worked through both the Chemistry prep book and the Math II prep book, from start to finish, on top of my regular homework. It was pretty awful, and I wouldn’t suggest it; take tests as early as you can! But since I was in such a time crunch, I printed out these little empty thermometers: I pasted one each to the front of each prep book, labeled all the little lines with the chapter numbers, and each time I completed a chapter I filled it in until I was done. I did one math, one chemistry chapter each, about three each a night. I sometimes doubled up on math, I think, because it had more chapters. That was crazy. Still don’t know how I did it. I highly recommend these silly thermometers. Watching it fill up is just really motivating somehow! You can use it a little more slowly and carefully if you use Barron’s test prep, or simply if you have more time. I would also highly suggest taking a practice SAT test like it were the real thingâ€"sit down for four hours, do it, take all the allotted breaks, score yourself. If you can’t do that by yourself, look around your school or local community for free practice test/test prep resources. Ask a teacher or a guidance counselorâ€"maybe one of them would simply be willing to help you, even if there’s no formal resource available, and they will definitely at least try to link you to something. While you definitely don’t need to take a prep class, if you’re willing/can afford it, consider it. I didâ€"it was fairly cheap since it was through my school, and it did help. Mainly, it helped because it offered four proctored SAT practice exams that were as close to the real thing as possible. But actually, I think what helped the most was my motherâ€"who, every weekend, would go over what I did in the prep class with me and the previous practice exams, and we would talk through all the stuff I did wrong. We used to sit in Panera Bread for hours and hours, constantly getting tea refills…. Do not pay exorbitant amounts of money for any kind of test prep. If someone charges you more than the maximum SAT score, then they better help you get more than the maximum SAT score. One person said they did a prep class that was $2,600. I was like WELL DID YA GET A 2600 ON THE SAT?? SAT scores (currently) max out at 2400. A close friend of mine (who is now at Dartmouth) got a 2350 using nothing but time, a practice test book from the library, and her own incredible study skills. In other words, she didn’t pay a penny and did better than all of us, and probably better than whoever paid thousands of dollars for test prep. Make sure that you know about the subject tests your potential colleges need and take them as soon as possible. Start thinking about this sophomore year. Forgetting about those and not taking them until the last minute can be really stressful. I’d suggest taking subject tests as soon as you can after the relevant class.*** Final Exam Studying This post is already too long, but here’s a quick word on final exams: Studying for finals is different than studying for standardized exams. Even in high school, I felt that it was less about a “game” or about learning how to take a test with our actual school’s exams. This time, it’s important to actually know the material. This is easier and harder, depending on who you are, but either way, it involves a lot of time reviewing concepts and doing practice problems. Planning is keyor at least, it is for me. I make plans and strategies for each exam or class that I have. I’m a huge believer in productive procrastination. Sometimes, your brain is friedbut you know that if you start an episode of Game of Thrones, you’ll end up watching the whole season and get nothing done. If you really feel like you just have to not think about school for a minute, then clean your room, exercise, read something short. My solution (as you all know) is always to blag. Avoid junk food, TV and the internet (it’s actually the first one that’s the hardest for mestress eating, ugh). Otherwise, if you’re not completely burnt out, doing some passive studying (watching videos, reading things, listening to things) can give your brain a nice break from problem solving or quizzing yourself. I put passive studying at the start, middle, and end of all my study periodsit’s a nice way to get started, take a break, and finish up. Crash Course on YouTube saved my life in AP BiologyI even watched a couple of their videos this year for 7.013 (Human Biology). The details were sometimes a little sparse, but especially in high school there were times it actually helped clarify concepts and gave me a better big-picture view of the topic in addition to being a productive break. Khan academy videos are also good at doing the same thing for a wider range of topics. I also really liked studying with my friends. Yes, sometimes it’s less productive than if you were studying by yourself, but other times, I feel so tired of working that by myself I’d probably just be staring at a wall anyway. Being with my friends helped us all motivate each other, and just being around each other was always more pleasant. We would quiz each other, ask questions, create study sheets together and share resources. This was particularly pivotal in AP Chemistry, when, towards the end, I was almost ready to give upbut meeting up in the school library with my friends kept me going. (^shoutout to Ames Street Deli, a cafe in Kendall Square where I have worked long hours and they have yet to kick me out on perfectly reasonable grounds.) In all the craziness of MIT, I had actually almost forgotten the incredible amount of work it took for me to get here. I put in so, so much more time into high school than the bare minimum. I gave up weeks of free time to be the best student I possibly could, and I still messed up a lot, often being really emotionally and mentally distraught over it. I know my last few posts have been largely about the difficulty of MIT, but to all you high school students who work hard: don’t let anyone ever tell you that what you’re doing right now isn’t difficult either. Don’t let anyone ever try to dismiss your struggle as “not the real world” or the typical “oh, how sad, that’s just life”. You all work your butts off, and even if it’s not quite the same challenge as college or challenges of the working world, it is still very real, very difficult, very draining, and very time consuming. In many ways, certain aspects of high school are definitely worse than college and the working world. I hate it when people dismiss the struggles of people at a different stage than they are, and I think it’s often because they just forget what it was like when they were there. You are all fightersand it doesn’t matter what college you get into, because, if you’re here reading this post on studying strategies and freaking out over your next test, it’s simply true. I still remember what the pressure of high school was like, and I hope that I never forget my past difficulties in the face of future onesor even future successes. I promise to never belittle someone who feels they are struggling, whether I think they are or not, the way some people belittled me. Ignore those people. You will go far, as far as you dare to run. *Even though the SAT is changing in 2016, I still think these tips are very general and mostly still applicable to any standardized exam. **(e.g, take the Chemistry Subject Test once you finish chemistry class, take Math II after pre-calculus or calclulus, etc.) If you won’t reach calculus in high school, take Math I or take a look at what Math II covers and consider taking it. There’s usually only one integral problem on it anyway, if that. This may all change in 2016, I don’t know if the changes affect subject tests or not.

You Prep, I Prep, We All Prep

You Prep, I Prep, We All Prep It’s that time of year again. I remember it well. I intended to write this post before AP exams hit, but I just checked the CollegeBoard schedule and realized that unfortunately you’re all almost done with AP exams. However, the following are mostly general study tips that could be applied to pretty much anything, so if you’re still doing some last-minute cramming for that week of IB exams, SAT Subject tests, the June SAT (is that still a thing?) or your school is like my high school and has finals the last week of May, then I hope this will be helpful! I myself am pretty stressed out too, but I have always used blagging as a study break anyway (this job is so convenient!). I decided to create this post as a practical guide to preparing (or at least a guide to how I prepare) in the hope that it might help some of you. Writing down my own strategies is nice, because it reminds me that I have strategies, and makes me feel less like I’ve been thrown into a pit of tigers to fend for myself with a toothpick. When I feel really overwhelmed, creating some kind of plan, whether I actually follow it or not, at least allows me to calm down and start doing something. Standardized Exams I recently received this tumblr question about the SAT, which partly inspired this post. Let me tell you, I am your go to gal for SAT tests, they are my forte in the world of arbitrary national assessments. The first SAT test I took was in 7th gradeI don’t really remember why, but I took it. In high school, I took four practice exams (four horrible Saturdays during which I gave up four hours of my life I’ll never get back) as part of a one month prep course through my school, and my mother and I spent even more hours on even more Saturdays in Panera Bread, going over all the mistakes I made. I took two actual SAT exams, and I took four SAT Subject TestsBio, Chem, Math I and Math II. I prepared for the last three of those in just two hellish weeks of cramming because we all forgot MIT required both a math and science. It was my last chance before early applications to get my best possible score on each, so I took as many as I could at once. So, yeah, I know my stuff, y’allat least until 2016, when the entire format changes and you will all have no use for me.* I always used Princeton Review for SAT prep, and also for AP Exam prep. Barron’s Test Prep is the most thorough for really any testâ€"but if you’re in a time crunch, it’s difficult to glean out the important stuff. If you have time, go with Barron’s and use it for at least a month prior to the test if you really want to prepare well for a standardized test on your ownthis worked well for many people. If you want to prepare for subject tests and APs, I still think Princeton Review is really, really nice, particularly if you’ve already taken the class (which, I hope you have. If not, you could try Barron’s, but I really think it’s best to take all your subject tests/APs in the classes you’ve taken, if at all possible). The two weeks I spent cramming for subject tests were with Princeton review books. I worked through both the Chemistry prep book and the Math II prep book, from start to finish, on top of my regular homework. It was pretty awful, and I wouldn’t suggest it; take tests as early as you can! But since I was in such a time crunch, I printed out these little empty thermometers: I pasted one each to the front of each prep book, labeled all the little lines with the chapter numbers, and each time I completed a chapter I filled it in until I was done. I did one math, one chemistry chapter each, about three each a night. I sometimes doubled up on math, I think, because it had more chapters. That was crazy. Still don’t know how I did it. I highly recommend these silly thermometers. Watching it fill up is just really motivating somehow! You can use it a little more slowly and carefully if you use Barron’s test prep, or simply if you have more time. I would also highly suggest taking a practice SAT test like it were the real thingâ€"sit down for four hours, do it, take all the allotted breaks, score yourself. If you can’t do that by yourself, look around your school or local community for free practice test/test prep resources. Ask a teacher or a guidance counselorâ€"maybe one of them would simply be willing to help you, even if there’s no formal resource available, and they will definitely at least try to link you to something. While you definitely don’t need to take a prep class, if you’re willing/can afford it, consider it. I didâ€"it was fairly cheap since it was through my school, and it did help. Mainly, it helped because it offered four proctored SAT practice exams that were as close to the real thing as possible. But actually, I think what helped the most was my motherâ€"who, every weekend, would go over what I did in the prep class with me and the previous practice exams, and we would talk through all the stuff I did wrong. We used to sit in Panera Bread for hours and hours, constantly getting tea refills…. Do not pay exorbitant amounts of money for any kind of test prep. If someone charges you more than the maximum SAT score, then they better help you get more than the maximum SAT score. One person said they did a prep class that was $2,600. I was like WELL DID YA GET A 2600 ON THE SAT?? SAT scores (currently) max out at 2400. A close friend of mine (who is now at Dartmouth) got a 2350 using nothing but time, a practice test book from the library, and her own incredible study skills. In other words, she didn’t pay a penny and did better than all of us, and probably better than whoever paid thousands of dollars for test prep. Make sure that you know about the subject tests your potential colleges need and take them as soon as possible. Start thinking about this sophomore year. Forgetting about those and not taking them until the last minute can be really stressful. I’d suggest taking subject tests as soon as you can after the relevant class.*** Final Exam Studying This post is already too long, but here’s a quick word on final exams: Studying for finals is different than studying for standardized exams. Even in high school, I felt that it was less about a “game” or about learning how to take a test with our actual school’s exams. This time, it’s important to actually know the material. This is easier and harder, depending on who you are, but either way, it involves a lot of time reviewing concepts and doing practice problems. Planning is keyor at least, it is for me. I make plans and strategies for each exam or class that I have. I’m a huge believer in productive procrastination. Sometimes, your brain is friedbut you know that if you start an episode of Game of Thrones, you’ll end up watching the whole season and get nothing done. If you really feel like you just have to not think about school for a minute, then clean your room, exercise, read something short. My solution (as you all know) is always to blag. Avoid junk food, TV and the internet (it’s actually the first one that’s the hardest for mestress eating, ugh). Otherwise, if you’re not completely burnt out, doing some passive studying (watching videos, reading things, listening to things) can give your brain a nice break from problem solving or quizzing yourself. I put passive studying at the start, middle, and end of all my study periodsit’s a nice way to get started, take a break, and finish up. Crash Course on YouTube saved my life in AP BiologyI even watched a couple of their videos this year for 7.013 (Human Biology). The details were sometimes a little sparse, but especially in high school there were times it actually helped clarify concepts and gave me a better big-picture view of the topic in addition to being a productive break. Khan academy videos are also good at doing the same thing for a wider range of topics. I also really liked studying with my friends. Yes, sometimes it’s less productive than if you were studying by yourself, but other times, I feel so tired of working that by myself I’d probably just be staring at a wall anyway. Being with my friends helped us all motivate each other, and just being around each other was always more pleasant. We would quiz each other, ask questions, create study sheets together and share resources. This was particularly pivotal in AP Chemistry, when, towards the end, I was almost ready to give upbut meeting up in the school library with my friends kept me going. (^shoutout to Ames Street Deli, a cafe in Kendall Square where I have worked long hours and they have yet to kick me out on perfectly reasonable grounds.) In all the craziness of MIT, I had actually almost forgotten the incredible amount of work it took for me to get here. I put in so, so much more time into high school than the bare minimum. I gave up weeks of free time to be the best student I possibly could, and I still messed up a lot, often being really emotionally and mentally distraught over it. I know my last few posts have been largely about the difficulty of MIT, but to all you high school students who work hard: don’t let anyone ever tell you that what you’re doing right now isn’t difficult either. Don’t let anyone ever try to dismiss your struggle as “not the real world” or the typical “oh, how sad, that’s just life”. You all work your butts off, and even if it’s not quite the same challenge as college or challenges of the working world, it is still very real, very difficult, very draining, and very time consuming. In many ways, certain aspects of high school are definitely worse than college and the working world. I hate it when people dismiss the struggles of people at a different stage than they are, and I think it’s often because they just forget what it was like when they were there. You are all fightersand it doesn’t matter what college you get into, because, if you’re here reading this post on studying strategies and freaking out over your next test, it’s simply true. I still remember what the pressure of high school was like, and I hope that I never forget my past difficulties in the face of future onesor even future successes. I promise to never belittle someone who feels they are struggling, whether I think they are or not, the way some people belittled me. Ignore those people. You will go far, as far as you dare to run. *Even though the SAT is changing in 2016, I still think these tips are very general and mostly still applicable to any standardized exam. **(e.g, take the Chemistry Subject Test once you finish chemistry class, take Math II after pre-calculus or calclulus, etc.) If you won’t reach calculus in high school, take Math I or take a look at what Math II covers and consider taking it. There’s usually only one integral problem on it anyway, if that. This may all change in 2016, I don’t know if the changes affect subject tests or not.

An Authoritative Leader And A Collaborative Leader

â€Å"A star wants to see himself rise to the top. A leader wants to see those around him rise to the top.† Simon Sinek said this in confidence that leadership is more about others than the leader. There are two types of leaders, an authoritative leader and a collaborative leader. An authoritative leader is a leader that is only effective through fear, the absence of fear means the absence of power. This leads to authoritative fear where chaos and corruption becomes ingrained into the system, only to be repeated into the next leader. On the contrary, collaborative leadership is based in unity of all where one leader makes everyone under feel part in parcel of the purpose of the organization. Therefore authoritative leadership is only as good†¦show more content†¦Commonly great and remarkable people who serve say this in response to questions about bravery and risk, â€Å"Because they would have done it for me.† That’s collaborative centered, the tools we re given by leaders who stood right by them through the entire path. â€Å"They inspire and guide, so that people do what he wants them to do without feeling led† (Tzu). This is effective, and it finds itself mainly in the military because of the leaders of the military. Those leaders have truly inspired others and found their way on the highest effectiveness in Lau Tzu’s eyes. When thinking of great leaders such as Johnny Bravo, Mohandas Gandhi, or Nelson Mandela, the question raised is commonly what made them? Nelson Mandela was a leader who collaborated with his followers in meetings, meetings where they would sit in a circle on the ground and he would be the last to speak. This leads into what Lau Tzu mentions about leadership, â€Å"The best leaders are those the people hardly know exist. The next best is a leader who is loved and praised. Next comes the one who is feared. The worst one is the leader that is despised†¦The best leaders value their words, and use them sparingly† (Tzu). Nelson Mandela had a perfect application of Lau Tzu’s opinion of leadership, and it’s almost in such a way that can only be done collaboratively. In the book Macbeth, Macbeth was what Simon Sinek would call aShow MoreRelatedLeadership Vs. Authoritative Leadership1455 Words   |  6 Pagesby people under a strong leader. These societies have been under the influence of many distinct types of leaders. Effective leadership is defined in various ways as some focus on fear and power, while others believe strong leaders focus on respect and propriety. This brings up the argument of collaborative leadership versus authoritative leadership. Authoritative leaders are those who ignore the viewpoints of their followers and lack trust in them while collaborative leaders work with their followersRead MoreEssay on Building an Effective School1252 Words   |  6 PagesAdministrative leaders must have a clear vision of their school, a plan for getti ng there, and an ability to communicate effectively their mission and goals to the learning community. Leaders must recognize how to achieve the process of change by challenging well-established beliefs and behaviors of the community. Encourage resistors to adapt to innovative ideas in the school community. Dr. Hunter clearly articulated goals to all stakeholders in all aspects of the school culture. The guides developedRead MoreCollaborative Leadership Essays1378 Words   |  6 PagesCollaborative Leadership Leadership can take many different forms, depending on the person and the situation in which it is needed. 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In 1986, Susan Rosenholtz’s (RosenholtzRead MoreMy Leadership Style Aligns Closely With Servant Leadership940 Words   |  4 Pagesdemanding. The development of leaders is another key principle for me. I like to teach others to lead by providing opportunities for learning and growing through example and experience. The development of leaders requires surrendering power and delegating others to lead. In some situations, where time is of the essence and the task is not being completed to the level of standard I prefer, I tend to re-assume the task already delegated. Along the same stances of developing leaders, personal developmentRead MoreLeaders Are Born Or Made?1036 Words   |  5 PagesThere is a well-known and often asked question on whether leaders are born or made. While the origin of the question is unknown, the answer in response to the question are numerous. The terms leadership and management have become increasingly prevalent in today’s workplace. 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Reflection Essay on Writing and the Composition of Literature

Writing and the composition of literature is an art that has been passed down for many generations. Some have been blessed with the uncanny ability to create masterful scripts, but others, like myself, struggle day-to-day with writing simple pieces. I am constantly attempting to improve my ability to write, and this class especially helped me to improve my writing. I can see my essays developing more and more along with my final grades on the papers increasing as well. However simple writing may sound to some people, it is actually composed of many meshing parts and pieces working together to create a polished essay. Despite the age of literature, it is relatable in nature to some modern technology which is also is composed of many components. A prime example of this phenomenon is the Apple App Store. The App Store consists of many unique applications from developers around the world, each serving its own purpose. Through the pieces in my portfolio I will demonstrate my development as a writer along with the advancements of particular skillsets that deal with composition, just as developers provide updates for their applications. My portfolio offers a view into my skills as a struggling writer and my journey to â€Å"updating† my â€Å"apps†. A component really needing work was my use of analytical information versus summarization. Although I expected it to be rough, the low grade I earned on my first paper caught me by surprise. When reading through I found summarizing the poemShow MoreRelatedMy First Day Of Class Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout my academic career I have always struggled with writing whether it is for the English class or any other liberal arts class. In my English classes, I have a tendency to deviate from the given task. This semester I took a FIQWS Composition class which helped me explore the unexplored areas of my academic writing. There were three main essays (literacy narrative, exploratory essay and critical researched analysis) and each improved my writing tremendously. On the first day of class, I was surprisedRead MoreComparison of Two Personal Narratives1264 Words   |  6 PagesBroadly speaking literature consists of compositions that tell stories, dramatize situations, express e motions and analyze and advocate ideas (Roberts, 2010). Literary works tend to cover all aspects of living in a society and the theme of racism, social segregation and class systems is often written on. For this assignment I have chosen to compare two personal narratives; The Myth of the Latin Women by Judith Cofer and Outcasts in Salt Lake City by James Weldon Johnson. 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I have learned to appreciate writing much more, and enjoy the moments where my mind meets words on a paper. Creativity has always been one of my strong suits, but through this course I catered my creativity to compose a variety of essays and speeches. Likewise, public speaking isRead MoreIssues in Teaching Writing1351 Words   |  6 PagesWriting proves daily to be a tool one can use in their own way to express themselves. Many teachers have their own approaches to teaching writing and not to say that they are not effective I just feel that if some people change their approach some of the problems I myself see can be changed by a change in the approach to teaching and assessing writi ng. Some issues I see are students not being exposed to different styles of writing, their writing assignments challenge their knowledge and remembranceRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Alexander Pope s An Essay1310 Words   |  6 PagesAn essay is, generally, a piece of writing that gives the author s own argument — but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of an article, a pamphlet, and a short story. Essays have traditionally been sub-classified as formal and informal. Formal essays are characterized by serious purpose, dignity, logical organization, length, whereas the informal essay is characterized by the personal element (self-revelation, individual tastes and experiences, confidential manner), humor, gracefulRead MoreReflection On My Reading Skills872 Words   |  4 PagesReflection Before taking this class I thought that my reading skills were exceptional, but I was undeniably wrong about that. Now, after taking this class I can say that my reading skills have greatly improved. I now know how to analyze works of art and find new meanings behind the words that I read. Now, with the knowledge on how to use criticism to my advantage, all types of literature will become wide open to me in a sense that I will be able to understand literature in greater detail. I wouldRead MoreHow I Learned to Read and Write by Frederick Douglass and Mother Tongue by Amy Tan1178 Words   |  5 Pages How I Learned to Read and Write by Frederick Douglass and Mother Tongue by Amy Tan are essays that share a common theme. The theme is opposition and how it is necessary to build strength. In the essay How I Learned to Read and Write, Frederick Douglass explains that he was born into slavery and faced his own ignorance with a resolve to overcome this challenge. Faced with oppression by the master and mistress of the house, a young Frederick Douglass used any means necessary toRead MoreEssay about Family Values Richard Rodriguez Analysis1270 Words   |  6 PagesBernardo Cabrera Ken Carter AP Language and Composition 30 January 2012 Family Values Because of the opposing cultures and ideas that collide in the mind of Richard Rodriguez, his arguments tend to break boundaries of traditional philosophical writing. As a Catholic, a homosexual, a Mexican immigrant, and an intellectual, the meaning of family values can differ significantly from one aspect of his life to the next. By gathering input from each of those sectors, Rodriguez composes an array ofRead MorePoe vs. Shakespeare Essay1556 Words   |  7 PagesPoe and William Shakespeare Brandi Greene University Composition and Communication I/COM155 May 9th, 2013 University of Phoenix The Comparison of Edgar Allan Poe and William Shakespeare Many have been inspired by the likes of Edgar Allen Poe and Shakespeare in literature but, there are similarities and differences between the two. Each author could lure their audiences by the characteristics of their writing. Their places in society also differed, as each had different

The Causes and Prevention of Murder Essay - 1898 Words

You or someone in your family may have children who perform actions that can be indications of a potential serial killer. Most parents will ignore these signs but they are no joke. Does your child like to harm small animals? Does your child live in an unstable family; is your child socially awkward and isolated from everyone else? If you said yes to these questions, you may want to get more involved in your child’s life. According to many experts harming small animals, an unstable family, isolation from others, and bad mental health are the four main causes of murder but those are not the only causes. To the surprise of some people, violent videogames are not one of the leading reasons of why someone decides to kill. From early childhood†¦show more content†¦An more modern example is James Holmes, the man responsible for the Aurora shooting. Even though he killed many he was different from Peter Kurten only in the way that he didn’t kill over time. James Holmes had schizophrenia, a mental disease many murderers seem to have. Revenge and schizophrenia were a few examples of why a person decides to murder. Aggression during their childhood can lead a kid to repeat what they see at home or school. If they live in an abusive home the chances are higher of them committing violent crimes. The geography in where they live can be a small cause but not so much because a lot of mass murderers come from middle class families or higher. Usually people from lower income families commit smaller violent crimes such as beating someone up due to territory and gangs. Even though there is many more cause of murder there are also many ways to prevent it from happening to your children. Some indications to look at as a parent and/or guardian are to see how your child acts around society. Being antisocial is one of the major things one should pay close attention to. Another indication is the way your child plays with small animals. If they like to hurt or even kill small animals that is a red flag right away. An abusive home is usually the main cause of a child turning into a delinquent. At a young age many children are physically and verbally abusedShow MoreRelatedGun Control Research Paper 1263 Words   |  6 Pages Canada, Japan, China, the difference between U.S. and those countries is in these countries to get a firearm is a very difficult thing and they have very strict gun laws. Gun is very powerful weapon, it would cause serious hurt, even death, we can use gun to protect ourselves or to murderï ¼Å'It is powerful not only to the human but also to the society. I believe the issue is not how many guns are around us but who owns those guns and how the country enforce the gun laws. Why so many people debate onRead MoreTheu.s. Supreme Court Case1146 Words   |  5 Pagespregnancy testing positive on a drug test for meth. Well, she was charged with first degree murder and second degree murder based upon allegations of child abuse causing the stillbirth. Lynn Paltrow, one of the women associated with the National Advocates for Women’s Rights, had defended her by saying there is no law against the crime she had plead guilty for (This Is Murder?). Being charged with murder for a stillborn baby should’ve been a crime if it is a crime that if a baby dies because youRead MoreViolence - Behavior Involving Physical Force1370 Words   |  6 Pages or kill someone or something. In my own words, violence – hate, gangs, guns, anger and war. Violence in Chicago – nonstop killing. Shootings and murders are through the roof in Chicago. In the past year, in 2015, there has been 29 murders, 136 shooting victims and 119 shootings. In just this year a lone, in just the first month the shooting and murders were double that. In statistics released, the Chicago Police Department reported there were 51 homicides this January compared to 29 in January ofRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished Essay1634 Words   |  7 Pages The only crime punishable by death in New Zealand is treason, the death penalty for murder and piracy having been abolished in 1961, but none the less there were no death sentences known given because of treason 1. Then on 26th December 1989 when a private members bill was pushed into effect, marking New Zealand as a country where no crimes warrants a death punishment 2. Over the years crimes that once would be given death penalty has increased so reintroducing the death penalty shouldRead MoreA Brief Note On The Stop And Frisk809 Words   |  4 PagesSimilarly, one would not target a McDonalds looking to purchase a pair of shoes. In New York City the homicide statistics show about half of all murders are committed by African Americans who represent just 12.6 percent of the population. Also, statistics show African Americans and Hispanics make up 96% of all New York City shooting victims and 90% of all murders victims in 2011. Analyzing those numbers in the context of stop-and-frisk make strong argument for why more African Americans are getting stoppedRead MoreEssay about Understanding and Preventing Child Abuse and Neglect1340 Words   |  6 Pagesproblem in the United States. Child abuse, including sexual abuse, beating, and murder have increased and it is believed that many cases go unreported. Another for of child abuse is child neglect, which includes malnutrition, desertion, and inadequate care for a child.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Efforts have increased on the primary prevention of child abuse. This must be started on many different levels before it can be successful. Prevention plans on a social level include increasing the economic self-sufficiency of familiesRead MoreCrime And Crime : The Criminal Justice System Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesOver the years, criminologists have analyzed various aspects of crime and criminality. Through continued study and ongoing research, criminologists have developed various theories as per the causes of different types of crime, whether or not some individuals are predisposed to certain types of criminal activity, legal processes of the criminal justice system, and how criminal offenders are processed. Canada’s criminal justice system comprises and constitutes various stages and components. The criminalRead MoreThe Genocide Of Rwandan Genocide837 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Nazi regime, the United Nations formed the U.N. Convention on the Preven tion and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (UNCG), dedicated to the understanding and prevention of future genocides. The UNCG defines genocide as acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group. Genocides have occurred on almost every continent and the UNCG has had little impact on prevention. Indeed, 2since its creation in 1951 the world has seen a rise in genocidesRead MoreEuthanasia/Physician Assisted Suicide Should Not be Legalized1343 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinition of murder is â€Å"killing intentionally and with premeditation†, how is euthanasia any different? (Miller) Not only is it morally wrong, but logically and ethically as well. Human life is not anyone’s to take and destroying it is devaluing a gift given to us. â€Å"Suicide is the 11th leading cause of death among Americans† and making it lawful would only move it closer to 1st. (Krug EG) Reason 1: Legalizing Voluntary Euthanasia will lead to Involuntary Euthanasia Euthanasia classifies murder as goodRead MoreEssay on CRIMES Are Committed By...CRIMINALS, Guns Are Not The Issue579 Words   |  3 Pages Im arguing that gun-control is not the appropriate answer or solution to todays problems of crime, including school massacres. Our legal system never charges guns with mass murder, and no AK-47 has ever been taken to court, sentenced to years in jail or been given the death sentence. People commit crimes and mass murder, not guns. I added the knives option on the checklist to add further empathis that intimate objects do not commit crimes. I chose to use irrefutable statements like â€Å"criminals

Most Aged People Develop Symptoms †Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss About the Most Aged People Develop Symptoms? Answer: Introduction Most Aged people develop symptoms of depression that are overlooked because the symptoms are attributed to aging sickness. According to Baer (2015), half of the entire depressed patients seen by general doctors are not identified as being depressed. In addition, a portion of the things doctors search for in identifying depression are things that the society assume to be a norm for the older people. Besides, there are a few contrasts between depression in the young people and the older people. For instance, elderly individuals have a tendency to have more ideational symptoms, which are identified with contemplations, thoughts, and guilt. Because of its devastating outcomes, late-life depression is a critical medical issue as they are related with increased danger of morbidity, suicidal risks, diminished physical, intellectual and social functioning, and more prominent self-disregard, all of which are connected with mortality. In the meantime, in spite of normal recognition, depression is less frequent among the older population than the prior ages. Depression in older people varies in both unobtrusive and clear courses from despondency prior in the life expectancy. Etiology, hazard and defensive variables, and potential results all reflect parts of the older peoples position in the life expectancy. Knowledge of the courses in which age may adjust variables related with the onset and support of depression is effective for proper treatment of depression among older people. Therefore, the essay will discuss on some of the strategies that can be implemented to tackle the issue of diagnosing of depression in the older patients (Rajji, 2015). Clinical Interventions Appraisal for depression In order to identify depression in the older people; the doctor must conduct a thorough assessment that incorporates a review of the present depressive symptoms, previous history of depression, history of psychological and pharmacological medications and their adequacy, and an assessment of suicidal ideation. For most intellectually impeded aged people, the doctor needs to meet the guardian and acquire data that may not be accessible with the patients report. Tools that have been approved in the appraisal of depression in subjectively impaired older people may help in the assessment (Wuthrich, Rapee, Kanga Perini, 2016). Since depressed elderly patients frequently do not report depression inclinations but do report lack of curiosity or pleasure in activities, the doctor needs to utilize the patient's dialect and involvement in making an assessment. At times depressed older patients us more words as compared to depression, for example, feeling blue, debilitated, and not motivated. Since geriatric depression might be mistaken with different ailments, indications that are brought about by depression must be separated from those of another ailment. At times, this separation is difficult, in light of the fact that depression may exacerbate the existing symptoms (Park Reynolds, 2015). Appraisal of Cognitive Impairment A vital part of the assessment is the evaluation of cognitive hindrance. In this case, the doctor may ask the patient and the guardian about the impacts of intellectual troubles on the patient's functioning and recognize cognitive strengths and deficits. Particular inquiries regarding the patient's ability to begin and remain with a new task until it is finished, to maintain attention and focus while reading or talking with others, and to recall recent events and discussions may give the doctor vital information about the patient's functioning (Pachana, Egan, Laidlaw, Byrne, Brockman Starkstein, 2013). Appraisal of Functioning In addition to the evaluation of cognitive impairment and depression, the doctor needs to assess the patient's behavioral, functional, and physical confinements (e.g., hearing, visual, and mobility issues). Therefore, the doctor should collect information from both the patient and the guardian. Further, careful inquiries may help identify and assess inconsistencies in their reports (Pachana, Egan, Laidlaw, Byrne, Brockman Starkstein, 2013). The doctor assesses how depression, disability, and cognitive impairment have influenced the patient's normal functioning like what activities the patient cannot do anymore, what the patient's past and current activities are, what impacts, assuming any, and the impact of the patient's cognitive difficulties on taking medicine and performing activities. Accessible clinical- administered tools might be useful in providing data on the patient's functioning in order to enable the doctor to differentiate between depression and ailment (Lac, Austin, Le mke, Poojary Hunter, 2017). Treatment Intervention Despite the viability of pharmacological medications in the acute period of late- life depression, symptoms reduction is accomplished in less than 45% of the elderly depressed patients with cognitive impairment. Therefore, efficient psychosocial interventions for the population are required. In spite of this need, most psychosocial medications for the acute treatment of geriatric major depression are intended for "young- old" (normal age, 65 to 70 years), cognitively in place, walking patients who can follow outpatient treatment plans. To treat successfully depressed elderly patients with disability and cognitive impairment, these psychosocial intercessions should be altered (e.g., contribution of a parental figure; home conveyance of the psychosocial mediation; environmental changes to help depressed, cognitively impaired older people to enhance their regular functioning) (Karlin, Trockel, Brown, Gordienko, Yesavage Taylor, 2015). The following interventions are designed for the de pressed older patients with shifting degrees of cognitive impairment Problem- solving treatment This is a 12-week outpatient treatment for the depressed older patients with mild dysfunction. It comprises of eight problem- solving stages and helps the patient recognize his or her problems in order to find the ideal plan learning the problem-solving stages and applying them to a future problem. The intervention has been determined to be efficient in decreasing depression and disability in the older population. Relational psychotherapy This kind of therapy has been modified for the older patients with cognitive impairment. The modifications made incorporation of the concerned caregivers into the treatment procedure; joint patient- guardian sessions help advance better understanding, correspondence, and respect. Finally, the therapist will help the (patient and caregiver) adjust to their roles because of the patient has impaired functioning and cognitive deficits (Chen Conwell, 2016). Why Old People are Undiagnosed Older people with depression will present themselves for treatment for physical conditions, as opposed to for the treatment for their state of mind issue like depression. Nevertheless, it is fundamental for nurses to evaluate the patient's state of mind despite presenting symptomatology because mindset autonomously influences normal functioning and can block treatment for therapeutic comorbidities (Canoui, Reinald, Laurent, David Paillaud, 2016). Each medical attendant should ask older patients questions during depression Screen as it will enable them to assess the condition; this takes a little time, and the screen's affectability is high. Some outpatient offices incorporate depression screen on their electronic medicinal record, which is equally essential in follow-up purposes to ensure complete recovery from the condition. In this case, instead of nurses making assumptions on the condition of the patient, they should first screen them to distinguish ailment from depression sympto ms. Further, after an underlying screening, promote assessment and referral will rely on upon the work on the setting. In some cases, the medical attendant will pass on the outcomes to the patient's essential caregiver, who then directs a more broad assessment. In a few settings, the practice convention may require the attendant to continue with the following level of assessment. At times patients will allude to psychological therapists who will help stabilize the mental status of the patient (Connolly Yohannes, 2016). Conclusion The above discussion unites to support the conclusion that depression is not a typical part of aging. Depression is less common in late life than in midlife, with the exception of in a more delimited form. Despite late life depression being less severe, the results can decimate. Depression in older people can be comprehended from a life expectancy formative of the diathesis-stress point of view. Risks and defensive components turn out to be unmistakable in the etiology of depression as they change in recurrence or significance through the span of the life expectancy. Biological risks turn out to be drastically more common in late life, as do certain life occasions, though mental weakness decreases and mental versatility increases. Considering the social and biological difficulties related to old age, the fact that depressive issue turns out to be less as opposed to more predominant in this age group is proof of the significance of protective components. The etiological picture of dep ression in late life is intricate. Late-life depression is portrayed by heterogeneity, with a period of first onset a conceivable marker of etiological contrasts. Depression genes influence early-onset depression, though late onset may speak to either a prodrome of dementia or a physiological or biological reaction to the occasions that are more typical in late life (e.g., physical ailment, deprivation, caregiving). Comorbidity is especially common in late life depression, arising from likely psychological, biological, and social components. In this case, substantial accord with respect to general classes of risky elements for late-life depression, which incorporates most conspicuously neurological vulnerability, physical sickness and disability, and stressful life occasions like mourning and caregiving. Therefore, it is vital for clinicians to differentiate effectively between symptoms of depressions from other illness that is associated to old age. References Baer, R. A. (Ed.). (2015).Mindfulness-based treatment approaches Clinician's guide to evidence base and applications. Academic Press. Connolly, M. J., Yohannes, A. M. (2016). The impact of depression in older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.Maturitas,92, 9-14. Chen, S., Li, W., Conwell, Y. (2016, November). THE PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION AMONG OLDER PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION IN RURAL CHINA. InGERONTOLOGIST(Vol. 56, pp. 200-200). JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA: OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC. Canoui?Poitrine, F., Reinald, N., Laurent, David, J. P., ... Paillaud, E. (2016). Geriatric assessment findings independently associated with clinical depression in 1092 older patients with cancer: the ELCAPA Cohort Study.Psycho?Oncology,25(1), 104-111. Karlin, B. E., Trockel, M., Brown, G. K., Gordienko, M., Yesavage, J., Taylor, C. B. (2015). Comparison of the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for depression among older versus younger veterans: Results of a national evaluation.The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences,70(1), 3-12. Lac, A., Austin, N., Lemke, R., Poojary, S., Hunter, P. (2017). Association between religious practice and risk of depression in older people in the subacute setting.Australasian Journal on Ageing. Park, M., Reynolds, C. F. (2015). Depression among older adults with diabetes mellitus.Clinics in geriatric medicine,31(1), 117-137. Pachana, N. A., Egan, S. J., Laidlaw, K., Dissanayaka, N., Byrne, G. J., Brockman, S., ... Starkstein, S. (2013). Clinical issues in the treatment of anxiety and depression in older adults with Parkinson's disease.Movement Disorders,28(14), 1930-1934. Rajji, T. K. (2015, May). Preventing Cognitive Decline in Older Patients with Depression using Cognitive Remediation and transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. InBIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY(Vol. 77, No. 9). 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. Reinald, N., Laurent, M., Guery, E., Caillet, P., David, J. P., ... Paillaud, E. (2016). Geriatric assessment findings independently associated with clinical depression in 1092 older patients with cancer: the ELCAPA Cohort Study.Psycho?Oncology,25(1), 104-111. Shah, A., Scogin, F., Pierpaoli, C. M., Shah, A. (2017). Older adults' attitudes toward depression screening in primary care settings and exploring a brief educational pamphlet.International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. Wuthrich, V. M., Rapee, R. M., Kangas, M., Perini, S. (2016). Randomized controlled trial of group cognitive behavioral therapy compared to a discussion group for co-morbid anxiety and depression in older adults.Psychological medicine,46(04), 785-795

Impacts of Globalization

history of gm essays

history of gm essays Drinking and Driving is dangerous to yourself and others around you. Alcohol is a depressant; it impairs your ability to drive, slows down your reaction time and causes you to make some risky decisions that you wouldn't normally take. The penalty for Drinking and Driving is driving Under the Influence (DUI). If your Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) registers over .08, which is 80 milligrams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood, you are After having one drink it takes approximately one hour for your body to burn off the alcohol. You can't depend on yourself to be able to drive after an hour because everyone processes alcohol differently and you might even feel the effects long after you've been drinking. Your BAC is based on; your bodyweight, how much you have had to drink, the amount of food you may have eaten before drinking, the length of time over which you have had alcohol, and the speed at which your own body processes alcohol (once again, everyone's is different). There is no way to make your body burn alcohol faster, eating food, drinking coffee, exercising, or taking a cold shower may make you feel better but they have no effect on your rate that alcohol is processed. The following drinks all contain about .5 oz of alcohol; 12 oz of beer, 4 oz of wine, 1 oz of 80 proof liquors. If you are under 21 in California it is also illegal to purchase alcohol or transport alcohol unless accompanied by someone of the age 21 or over. It is also illegal to drive with an open container of alcohol regardless of the age. Of course the penalty would be more severe if the driver is under 21.The penalty for Driving Under the influence can be any combination of the following; prison sentence, fine or license suspension. The penalties can be altered depending on how much you've been drinking, past history of drinking and driving, the amount of time between your past Driving Under...

Special educational needs provision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Special educational needs provision - Essay Example The Education reform Act of 1988 marks an historic and radical revision of education in England and Wales based on an ideology starkly at odds with that which guided the system’s development in the previous four decades (Cor, 1996). The reliance on market forces as a mechanism of quality control and the unprecedented degree of centralized control of the curriculum, for instance, are principles calling for revolutionary changes in the way teachers operate. Their impact has been made more difficult to assimilate by the speed with which these policies are introduces and there political sponsors refusals to acknowledge what may educationists have argued are potentially dangerous implications. And also in this, special education is not only reflected as a broader educational concept but also as a broader social and political concept. (Len, 1988). Special educational needs are defined in the 1993 Education Act as learning difficulties that call for special provision besides that rou tinely provided in mainstream schools (1993 Act, para 156). If what is provided routinely does not meet the child’s learning needs then a statement of SEN, specifying additional resources will be required. The inexorable rise in the number of children with statements, combined with increasingly high levels of parental expectations concerning special educational needs provision, has led to demands on the founders, the Local Education Authorities (LEAs) which can no longer be met (Ann, 1997). met (Ann, 1997). Recognizing this, the 1993 Education Act proposed a Code of Practice to clarify what special educational needs provision should be made generally available in mainstream schools. Children with special educational needs form a substantial minority of the primary school population. The Warnock Report (DES, 1978) suggested that 20 percent of children will have special educational needs at some time during their school careers. This figure, derived from standardized test and survey data, has been criticized as arbitrary and self-fulfilling but is supported by a wide range of research evidence (e.g. Croll and Moses, 1985; Mortimore et al. 1988; Shorrocks et al, 1992). Thus children with a variety of special educational need form a significant group and one that may draw disproportionately on scarce educational resources. To be precise, in 2005 around 18% of all pupils in school in England were categorized as having some sort of special educational need (SEN) (1.5 million children) (Ann, 1997). Around 3% of all children (250,000) had a statement of SEN and around 1% of all children were in special schools (90,000) - which represents approximately one third of children with statements. With such a large number of children involved, it is important to recognize that many children are receiving the education they need in an appropriate setting. It is equally important, however, to highlight the difficulties faced by a large number of parents for whom the system is failing to meet the needs of their children. The influence of the Warnock Report was not restricted to a new conceptualization of special educational needs; it also made wide - ranging recommendations about the way in which special educational provision should be developed. The Committee argued that the provision should be seen as 'additional or supplementary" rather than 'separate or alternative' to regular education, and described a continuum of settings in which it might take place. For most children, their needs would be met in ordinary classrooms, with additional support as required. The Warnock Committee (DES, 1978) heralded a

Midterm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Midterm - Essay Example The right or the freedom of speech and expression demands that one should be allowed to freely express their views as long as they do not infringe upon the rights of other people by expressing their views. By sacking teachers for something legal that they do in their private time, the school districts deny teachers the freedom to freely and legally express their views. For instance, in Turley’s article, we learn that a Philadelphia high school teacher was sacked because of a posting to her blog in which the teacher had complained of the lazy and careless behaviour of her students. Given the fact that teacher’s blog post was general and was not targeted at any particular student, the teacher had not violated any rights of her students. For this reason, therefore, by sacking the teacher, the school district acted improperly and denied the teacher the freedom to freely express her views. The second reason why I believe school districts should not sack teachers because of something they do in personal time is that sacking teachers for something they do in their private time is an infringement on the teachers’ privacy. In the Turley’s article, for instance, we learn that in the year 2010, unidentified teacher in Pennsylvania was suspended after a third party posted a picture on Facebook showing her with a male stripper at a bridal shower. By suspending the teacher because of the picture that she had been taken with a male stripper at a party, the school district infringed upon the privacy of the teacher. This is because the teacher has the right to live her private life in whichever way she wishes as long as she does not violate the rights of other people. The third reason why I believe that school district should not sack teachers for the legal things that they do in their private life is that human beings change

Society and Physical Appearance

Society and Physical Appearance Nowadays people feel a responsibility to fit into todays society. People want to look as better as possible due to the outside influences one has. In the online article written by Jane Shure readers are able to realize how the surroundings have a great effect on choices that we make. This article points out three major categories on which tries to explain in more detail the troubles with body images. Readers are able to see how cultural background plays an important role on peoples body image. Couple of factors that influences notoriously on todays society is the media and advertising companies. These two change peoples perspectives in having an idea on what we should look like, being that just of myth that is not a reality. Many people tend to follow this ideal look due to the reason that media is exposing visual and audio messages every day, which is unrealistic. Some may even get to the point of having health issues becoming bulimic or anorexic due to the reason that they want to fit into those role models that the media exposes. Readers are also able to see that peers and family could affect positively or negatively in the way one feels. Most of the time peoples body image is negatively affected due to the fact the parents neglect to provide confidence for child wasnt sufficient enough for them to feel positive themselves and create that confidence on how they look and how they think people look at them. Peers also play an important role on peoples body imagines. As a one is growing up, peers tend to criticize by the outside appearance because of you physical appearance. For example, kids tend to be shorter, fatter, and skinnier than others are. Due to the many studies that have been done from a psychological perspective, body image could be explained through the social cultural perspective. Sociocultural perspective refers to behavior one follows due to the surroundings the individual has from how they act and how they look at things from their point view. This varies because we all come from different background and we each have different beliefs that make us act different from one another depending the situation we are in. One can clearly see how this sociocultural perspective strongly relates to the article written by Jane Shure in that it explains the influences that affects ones behavior. An example would be that body image is greatly influenced by family and peers (Shure, 2009). This is important because through this readers can realize that growing up as a child family and peers have a great influence in the way we act and behave to others. This is an example of sociocultual perspective because family and peers are an outside influencers that due to the interaction that people have day by day, they influence greatly in the choices and ideas one has (Wade, 2008). Another example of the article that relates the sociocultural perspective is the way media influences society in what they should look like. An example would be how the fashion industry does a great job in influencing what we should buy in order to fit in (Sadaba, 1997). This is important because through this one can see how the media manipulates ones actions and preferences as to what we should and should not like. According to the sociocultural perspective this example relates strongly to this perspective in that people dont chose what they really want, they rather follow the crowd by listening to what society is advising them to acquire (Wade 2008). Lastly, another example that could help us understand better, how the sociocultural perspective relates to the article would be the challenge individuals could face in changing the idea of what our body should look like. Because our surroundings have great influences in how we see and look at ourselves, it is very difficult in changing the idea that media, family, and peers have influence us in believing what the ideal image should be (Sadaba, 1997). This is essential in that because one has been influenced since childhood; it would be difficult to change the way you see yourself and others. Through this one can see the sociocultural perspective in that the cause of how we fell physically living in our body is due to the fact that the body image that has been established through our surroundings (Wade, 2008). In conclusion, studying the issue on physical appearance from a sociocultural perspective would help in solving this problem in helping individuals look at themselves more positively. On example in how studying this issue from this perspective would help others would be in that they can realize that they do not have to follow the unrealistic model ideal look that they media portraits that we should look like. This would help in changing the individuals body image that one should look like in loving themselves and loving other how they are and not judge them by their physical appearance. Another example that studying this issue from this perspective can help in solving this problem would be that one should surround ourselves with family and peers that can positively can help us in increasing our confidence. This would be very important because individuals would surround themselves by people who would love and not judge them by their physical appearance. References Sadaba, Stanley W. Applied Social Psychology. (1997). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Shure, Jane, PHD (2009). How Body Image Impacts Self-Esteem. Submitted on Feb. 19, 2009 from http://www.selfgrowth.com Wade, C. Tavris, C. (2008). Invitation to Psychology (4th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.

Understanding Ourselves in the Age of the Internet Essay -- Sherry Tur

Understanding Ourselves in the Age of the Internet In her book, Life on Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet, author Sherry Turkle explains the effect technology has on the way individuals view themselves, and how this relates to the growth of postmodernist thinking. According to Turkle, the rapid expansion of network technology, specifically the Internet, is responsible for introducing millions of people to new spaces and ways of interactivity with one another. This revolutionary method for relating to others is swiftly changing how we view our minds, our sexual interactions, the forms of our communities, and even our own identities (Turkle 9). In the excerpts selected for our class reading, Turkle cites Internet communication technology such as chat rooms, MUDs (Multi-User Domains) and IRC (Internet Relay Chat) as the basis for the further exploration of our identities because, "it is on the Internet that our confrontations with technology as it collides with our sense of human identity are fresh, even raw. In the real-time communities of cyber space, we are dwellers on the threshold between the real and virtual, unsure of our footing, inventing ourselves as we go along" (Turkle 10). As we invent new identities in order to harmonize with the changing frontiers of technology and society, our culture moves from the modernist idea of calculation to a postmodern concept of simulation (Turkle 20). To understand the difference between the postmo dernist impact on contemporary thought as opposed to the modernist view, it is important to hold a basic understanding of both ideas. Modernist thought is difficult to accurately define - the gradual evolution of philosophy makes it hard to determine how long modernism has ex... ...l life and what is considered computer simulation. After all, most chat users argue, "why grant such superior status to the self that has the body when the selves that don't have bodies are able to have different kinds of experiences?" (Turkle 14). The technological culture of simulation is gradually affecting the way we view our minds as well as our bodies, and a majority of mainstream computer programs are designed with this postmodern influence in mind. Rather than expecting to program aptitude directly into their computers, programmers now believe it is the interaction of smaller subprograms to each other that can create a greater intelligence. The relation of these programs to each other may become too complex to properly define or completely understand, but so are our brains - and this never prevented them from functioning competently (Turkle 20).

Inustrialized Food Production

Industrialized Food Production: A Dangerous Path When visiting the grocery store, shoppers are bombarded with pleasant photos of farmers in their fields. This idyllic agricultural way of life may have existed in the past, but today’s farms are much different. In our modern era, a revolution has taken place and food production has changed dramatically. The industrialized method of food production has created a dangerous and unsustainable system. Choosing locally sourced foods is beneficial to the planet, health, and local economies. The 100 mile diet has brought attention to this important subject and made people aware of the impact of food choices. Humans began farming over 9000 years ago, and many technological advancements have occurred since that time (Mintz, Du Bois, 101). Most significantly in the modern era, the green revolution changed the way food was grown. The green revolution allowed for intensification of food resources, intended to alleviate world hunger (Bourlag). Lead by Norman Bourlag, hybrid variations of wheat were bred to produce higher yields and be two to three times more resistant to disease. Success was achieved, but has created more issues. From 1950 to 1999 production on the same size acreage increased 170%, producing 1. 9 billion tonnes of grain (Bourlag). However, copious amounts of fertilizers need to be added to the soil to support this production; this leads to more chemical run-off and contamination of water sources. Another major problem is that the hybrid seeds lead to development of genetically engineered seeds. These grains are patented by large corporations, causing costs to rise and taking control away from farmers. The local farmer no longer has control over how they grow crops or run their farm. Large companies like Monsanto hold all the power. The genetically modified seeds that are needed for the high yields are patented, and farmers are forced to purchase new seeds each year (Food Inc. ). For centuries, farmers have been able to save seeds from their crops for planting the following year. With the introduction of patents, farmers now face massive lawsuits if they try to reuse seeds. Even though many farmers do not want to use the modified seeds, it is nearly impossible because of cross contamination. Mark Anslow provides an example of one Canadian farmer: Percy Schmeiser. He found that sixty percent of his crop had been contaminated by Monsanto engineered seeds carried onto his land by the wind (12). Even though Schmeiser did not plant or want the seeds, he still faced intimidation and lawsuits from the giant biotechnology company (Anslow, 13). The power held by these agribusiness giants controls what farmers can do. The control held by corporations is not limited to grains and seeds, it extends into poultry and livestock. The high demand for meat created by the multitudes of fast food restaurants has completely changed the way animals are raised. Factory farming techniques produce plump animals from small areas. About 10 billion animals are raised and killed for food every year in the United States, many of these inhumanely (â€Å"Humane Eating : The Humane Society of the United States. â€Å"). Laying hens are kept in cages so small they cannot even move. In addition, animals have been bred for meat production, leading to chickens with breasts so heavy they can barely walk; chickens often die from their own weight (_Food Inc_. ). Cattle are raised in small pens with no area to graze. Instead, they are fattened up with corn (Nierenberg, 22). These feedlots are seas of manure and disease. Farmers are pressured by that large companies they hold contracts with to have the latest technologies. This means taking on massive debt that forces farmers to continue producing for that company, even if they do not agree with the practices. For example, poultry producers working for Tyson, one of the largest companies, have been forced to â€Å"upgrade† chicken houses to be large sheds with no natural light, with thousands of chickens packed inside (_Food Inc_. ). As with grain producers, livestock producers are caught in a debt cycle by powerful corporations. Major health issues are caused by industrialized food production. The close quarters and filthy conditions where the animals are raised are perfect conditions for the spread of disease. Animals raised intensively arrive at slaughterhouses covered in feces, which raises the risk of contamination during the processing (Nierenberg, 22). As well, a variety of antibiotics are used to as feed additives to prevent disease and encourage growth in livestock and poultry, which are then ingested by humans, increasing antibiotic resistance worldwide (Sayre, 78). The crowded, stressful conditions of intensive farming, combined with ammonia released from waste and lack of sunlight facilitate the spread of disease among animals and to humans. As well, the manure from these animals is contaminated with the antibiotics; if a manure lagoon bursts or seeps into the water supply, anyone using the water to drink or bathe can be infected (Sayre, 77). One way to reduce these issues is to eat less meat, reducing demand and the need for intensive factory farm operations (Pollan, 33). Another solution is to choose locally raised meat. This allows consumers to get to know the farmers and practices used to raise the livestock. In addition, it is more likely that the meat has been processed in a smaller slaughterhouse, reducing chances for cross contamination from many sources. Local food increases the amount of information available to consumers and provides food security. Factory farming not only harms the animals and the farmers, it has huge environmental impacts. The production of livestock and dairy actually contributes more greenhouse gases to the environment than vehicles (â€Å"From Field To Feedlot To Fork. â€Å"). Globally, 18% of greenhouse gas emissions are created from feedlot to dinner table. Animal production creates emissions at every stage. Fossil fuel is required to run equipment, grow crops, transport animals, and distribute products. The production of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides alone require the equivalent use of over 123 million barrels of oil (â€Å"From Field To Feedlot To Fork. â€Å"). Factory farming centralizes production areas, meaning that in order to slaughter and distribute the meat, long distance transportation is required. Aside from the fossil fuel use, greenhouse gases are created by the animals themselves. Grazing animals, like cattle, release methane. While this is natural, the huge amounts of livestock being produced are massive contributors to global warming. As well, the manure produced by these animals exceeds amounts that can be used as fertilizer for fields. The excess amounts are stored in ponds and lagoons, where more gases are released as it decomposes (Nierenberg, 23). By choosing to eat local, consumers negate the creation of much of the pollution. The most obvious reduction is in transportation emissions. On average, a meal travels 2414 km from farm to table. This is over a 25% increase from 1980 (Roosevelt, 78). Shopping at a local farmers market or farm stand reduces the distance considerably. A study in Iowa found that a regional diet consumed 17 times less oil and gas than a typical diet based on food shipped across the country and around the world (Smith, Mackinnon, 65). Another way local eating reduces environmental impacts is though more sustainable practices. Local farms are usually operated on a smaller scale; livestock can graze on grass, and the manure produced fertilizers the field. Another benefit of small farms if the diversity they provide. Agribusiness operations focus on monoculture. One crop is grown over hundreds or thousands of hectares. A small farm features more diversity, attracting and providing habitat for a range of wildlife (Pollan, 62). As well, smaller farms require far less chemical additives like pesticides and fertilizer, both produced with fossil fuels. Recently, the 100 mile diet has brought attention to choices consumers can make and why local choices are important. A couple in Vancouver undertook a year long challenge to only eat food that was grown or produced within a one hundred mile radius of their home (Smith, Mackinnon). At first, this seems like an overwhelming task, but is actually achievable. Some luxury items, like coffee and chocolate, must be given up, but most essential items are available. While it may not be possible for everyone to follow the 100 mile diet completely, choosing local products as often as possible has many benefits. As well as reducing transportation costs and emissions as mentioned earlier, purchasing food from local farmers helps the local economy. The income stays in your local area instead of being absorbed by a multinational corporation. A British study found that money spent at a local farmers market had twice the economic value for the area than money spent at a supermarket chain (Smith, Mackinnon, 112). The reduced transportation time also has health benefits. Produce is not picked until it is ripe, and often sold the same day, so the nutrients are not degraded when it reaches the dinner table. Food production has undergone many changes since the rise of agriculture thousands of years ago. The rise of factory farming practices has brought many negative changes to food. Rates of pollution and disease have risen dramatically, and conditions for animals and farmers are very poor. The recent popularity of the 100 mile diet has brought raised public awareness about food choices. By choosing locally produced food consumers get a more nutritious product, reduce environmental impacts, and support local economies. Works Cited Anslow, Mark. â€Å"Farmer warns: ‘GM will destroy organic industry'. † The Ecologist 38. 10 (2009): 12-13. General Science Index. Web. 30 Nov. 2009. Bourlag, Norman. â€Å"Biotechnology and the Green Revolution (ActionBioscience). † ActionBioscience – promoting bioscience literacy. Nov. 2002. Web. 4 Dec. 2009. http://www. actionbioscience. org/biotech/borlaug. html. Food Inc. Dir. Robert Kenner. Alliance, 2009. DVD. â€Å"From Field To Feedlot To Fork. † Cool Foods Campaign. 2009. Web. 04 Dec. 2009. http://coolfoodscampaign. org/your-tools/global-warming-and-your-food/from-field-to-feedlot-to-fork/. à ¢â‚¬Å"Humane Eating : The Humane Society of the United States. † The Humane Society of the United States. 2009. Web. 04 Dec. 2009. http://www. humanesociety. org/issues/eating/. Mintz, Sidney W. , and Christine M. Du Bois. â€Å"The Anthropology of Food and Eating. † Annual Review of Anthropology 31 (2002): 99-119. Print. Nierenberg, Danielle. The Commercialization of Farming: Producing Meat for a Hungry World. † USA Today (Periodical) 132 (2004): 22-4. Readers' Guide Abstracts. Web. 1 Dec. 2009. Pollan, Michael. In Defense of Food. New York: Penguin Paperbacks, 2009. Print. Roosevelt, Margot â€Å"The Lure of the 100-Mile Diet. † Time 167. 24 (2006): 78. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 4 Dec. 2009. Sayre, Laura. â€Å"The Hidden Link Between Factory Farms and Human Illness. † The Mother Earth News Feb. /Mar. 2009: 76-83. Readers' Guide Abstracts. Web. 1 Dec. 2009. Smith, Alisa, and J. B. Mackinnon. The 100-Mile Diet A Year of Local Eating. New York: Vintage Canada, 2007. Print.

How Dolphins Suffer From Environmental Pollution - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1857 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Ecology Essay Level High school Tags: Pollution Essay Did you like this example? Dolphins are lovely and smart animals, but dolphin population worldwide are facing a significant threat. According to Whale and Dolphin Conservation (WDC) (n.d.), human activities influence approximately 40 percent of marine systems and every area of the sea. In the eastern coast of the U.S., the death of about three thousand bottlenose dolphins is observed from 1987 to 1988. We have to pay close attention to this issue so that dolphins would not die out and species diversity could be preserved. Actually, environmental pollution is an important reason why the dolphin population dramatically reduces. Dolphin population is significantly hurt by environmental pollution due to three major reasons. First, dolphins are easily hurtful by chemical contamination because of bioaccumulation in which damage dolphins body systems. Second, noise pollution impairs dolphins health and change their normal behaviors. Third, marine debris threat dolphins life since dolphins may accidentally eat litters or be entangled by packaging. At the same time, there seems to an argument about whether environment pollution extremely harms dolphins. Some people argue that some studies contain limitations and the data are insufficient to support the position that the species of dolphin are significantly hurt by environmental pollution. However, environmental pollution has some clearly negative impacts on dolphins. One of the direct effects is that noise forces dolphins to consume more energy. Also, environmental pollution pollutes dolphins habitats and kill smaller sea animals that could lead to the short of fo od for dolphins. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How Dolphins Suffer From Environmental Pollution?" essay for you Create order First of all, chemical pollution including oils spills and polluted water has a detrimental effect on dolphins health. With the rapid development of industry, increasing industrial accidents happen and these accidents result in many serious consequences. Pitchford et al. (2018) study the influence of the huge 2011 oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, and they find that the large number of bottlenose dolphins death is related to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (p. 14). In other words, dolphins are unable to completely avoid the area of oil slick, and sometimes they indeed swim into floating oil. There is a chance that the poisonous oil will enter dolphins spiracles and mouths if they are encompassed by floating oil. What is more, Durante et al. (2016) believe that polluted prey also has an adverse impact on dolphins health since toxins will be accumulated in dolphins bodies eventually (p. 358). Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are perilous chemicals that released by industrial production and they are unlikely to break down in a short time. Sea animals will die if they absorb POPs at a certain level, and the amount of POPs in the ocean is rather huge. The majority of dolphins are at the top of food chains naturally, and so they are the ending point for POPs (Durante et al., 2016, P. 353). To be more precise, plankton absorbs PCBs from the environment, and small fish eats plankton to survive. A lot of small fishes are eaten by large fishes in their life, and dolphins eat plenty of large fishes over their lifetime. Finally, POPs from lots of smaller marine organisms are absorbed by dolphins. So, bioaccumulation caused by chemical is contamination really a big issue for dolphins. In fact, anthropogenic chemical pollutant have more negative influences on dolphins than other animals. Rage et al. (2008) provide convincing evidence that the species of dolphin are not good at coping with pollution like POPs because there are scarcely any enzymes in their bodies to decompose hazardous chemical components (P. 472). Consequently, dolphins reproductive and immune systems are likely weakened due to the damage of chemical contamination such as POPs. The injury to dolphins reproductive systems can lead to serious problems. More specifically, a large ratio of POPs may be passed by female dolphins to their first babies via womb or milk , which is possibly fatal to offspring (Durante et al., 2016, P. 354). In addition, the issues related to injured immune systems are also severe. For example, the massive death of dolphin population since the 20th century could be caused by virus transmission from animals to animals (Rage et al., 2008, P. 473). Immune system is the main defense against diseases, and injured immune system certainly increases diseases risk. Thus, chemical pollution puts dolphins in especial danger because toxins and poisons from dangerous chemicals severely impair dolphins health. Other than chemical contamination, noise also has a seriously negative impact on dolphin population. Dolphins live in the ocean where sound is the basic tool to communicate and look for direction. Nonetheless, human activities such as natural resources exploration, the operation of ships, and military maneuvers in the sea have made a very high level of noise, which puts dolphins in risk. There are plenty of studies from scientific literature illustrating the damage of noise to the species of dolphin. For instance, high-frequency and mid-frequency sonar from military vessels are recognized big worries for the health of sea mammals since they can lead to physical hurt or even death to marine animals like dolphins (Li et al., 2014, P. 496). Likewise, dolphins with excessive stress levels caused by high-intensity sounds may even behave aggressively, which can result in physical injuries (Harris, 2017, p. 212). This evidence clearly show that noise pollution has an adverse effect on the s pecies of dolphin. Besides high-frequency and mid-frequency sonar, Harris discusses that low-frequency ocean noise also influences mammal behaviors. To be more specific, mammals like dolphins will go away from their habitat or breeding place because of excessive noise, which is observed on the coast of Baja California, Mexico ( Harris, 2017, p. 211). Similarly, Pitchford et al. (2018) claim that noises will drive dolphins from important areas to them so that the chance of illness and stranding to dolphins increases (p. 16). Basically, all noises made by humans influence extremely disrupt dolphins life. Dolphins have to raise their voices to communicate with each other since plenty of ships in the ocean make many noises. Dolphins change the frequency, duration or amplitude, or they simply repeat their calls several times. Yet, these actions really hurt dolphins health (Holt, 2015, p. 1648). Furthermore, exposure to shipping noise in long periods could cause temporary or permanent damage to dolphins sens e of hearing (Li et al., 2014, P. 501). Auditory system plays an essential role in dolphins daily life, and it is hard to imagine how should dolphins survive in the sea without a sensitive sense of hearing. Therefore, dolphins lives are significantly impacted by noise pollution because noises alter dolphins normal behaviors and harm their heath including auditory system. Dolphins are threatened by noise while the detrimental effects of marine debris on dolphins cannot be overlooked. Millions of tons of plastic garbage are dumped by people into the sea yearly worldwide (WDC, n.d.) The oceans are polluted by countless man-made litters, which is quite risky to dolphin population. When dolphins swim in coastal areas or along shorelines, marine litters containing plastic bags and other indecomposable substances can trap or choke them, young dolphins in particular (Pitchford et al., 2018, p. 16). To put it another way, dolphins can suffer or die once they are entangled in plastic bags. Moreover, researchers have found that more and more dolphins eat marine debris accidentally. Bearzi et al. (2014) discuss that one of the known cause of dolphins mortality is obstruction of the digestive system by ingesting plastic (P. 393). As a consequence, intestinal blockage, starvation, and inside damage are all possible injuries to dolphins. Similarly, Eo, Yeo, and Kwon (2013) explain that gastrointestinal foreign objects are a serious problem in cetaceans and dolphins (p. 251). For example, Eo et al. (2013) helped a male bottlenose dolphin to remove foreign objects from its forestomach, and they found that The foreign bodies included a 10 ?— 3.5 cm plastic tube, 4 ?—2.0 cm stainless steel pipe, brush, and concrete debris (p. 251). Consequently, the species of dolphin are significant hurt by man-made litters. Hence, marine debris as one of the chemical pollution poses a real threat to dolphins lives because serious issues such as intestinal blockage, and internal injury are possibly happened due to ingestion of plastic litters and entanglement by packaging. On the other hand, some individuals challenge that environmental pollution does not have a extremely negative effect on dolphins because of two main reasons. First, lots of scientific studies about how environmental contamination affects dolphin population are not optimal. For instance, some factors that would impact the results are not being quantified in the study of oil spills (Pitchford et al., 2018, p. 16). Additionally, the statistics are not sufficient because some data are rather difficult to collect. Durante et al. (2016) write that there is solely a low number of samples available (P. 358). Follett, Genschel, and Hofmann (2014) say that reliable conclusions cannot be drawn based on inadequate data and limited knowledge although oil discharge leads to huge destruction (p. 130). Scientists have to examine the death of many animals to confirm the cases that animals died due to environmental pollution (Follett et al., 2014, p. 130). In other words, humans indeed do not have ade quate information about how the death of animals like dolphins is linked to environmental pollution since checking the actual cause of a large number of animals death is quite challenging. Hence, the limitations of some scientific researches and the lack of data are the two major reasons why some individuals reject that dolphin population is significantly harmed by environmental contamination. Nevertheless, there is compelling evidence demonstrating that environmental pollution has an adverse impact on food chain and ecosystem. Follett et al. (2014) note that oil spills can grow bacteria and kill smaller marine mammals that are the sources of food to dolphins although oil spills may not directly kill dolphin population (p. 122). It means that environmental contamination like oil spills obviously causes habitat destruction to dolphins as well as increase the risks that dolphins have diseases and lack food. Meanwhile, Holt et al. (2015) study a pair of bottlenose dolphins at the lab and conclude that the louder dolphins phonate, the more oxygen and energy they consume. Then Holt and her colleagues apply the uniform method to calculate how many extra calories dolphins in the wild have to get to compensating the extra consumption of energy, and they estimate dolphins need to obtain two extra calories for each two minutes (p. 1650). Though this extra metabolic cost is not huge, the consumption of energy will become quite large through the accumulation over time. More importantly, not all dolphins are able to find sufficient foods, especially for juveniles and pregnant females. Thus, environmental contamination indeed has dramatically negative influences on the species of dolphin. To conclude, environmental pollution significantly harms the species of dolphin because of the three reasons. Chemical pollution enables toxins and poisons enter dolphins bodies and then destroys their reproductive and immune systems. Through injuring dolphins auditory system and disrupting the communication, dolphins health is impaired by noise, and dolphins normal behaviors are changed by noise pollution as well. Marine debris threat dolphins life by raising the risk that dolphins ingest litters or be entangled by plastic bags, which leads to severely consequent issues like obstruction of the digestive system and asphyxia. Each person, every organization, and all countries ought to should the responsibility to tackle environmental pollution and protect the species of dolphin. Humans should take actions immediately before environmental pollution results in more seriously irreversible damage to dolphin population.